Once
part of a vast inland sea that covered a large area of Southern California,
the endorheic Salton Sink was the site of a major salt mining
operation. Throughout the Spanish period of California's history the area
was referred to as the "Colorado Desert" after the Rio Colorado
(Colorado River). In the 1853/55 railroad survey, it was called "The
Valley of the Ancient Lake". On several old maps from the Library
of Congress, it has been found labeled "Cahuilla Valley" (after
the local Indian tribe) and "Cabazon Valley" (after a local Indian
chief - Chief Cabazon). "Salt Creek" first appeared on a map
in 1867 and "Salton Station" is on a railroad map from 1900,
although this place had been there as a rail stop since the late 1870s.
The name "Salton" appears
to be connected with salt mining in the area, at least as early
as 1815. A yearly expedition to the area mined salt for Los Angeles residents.
With the extension of a rail line through the basin, large scale salt mining
started in 1884. After that, the general area is referred to
as the 'Salton Sink' or the 'Salton Basin', "sink" or "basin" referring
to the area's bowl-shaped topography.
The creation of the Salton Sea of today started in 1905, when heavy rainfall and snowmelt caused the Colorado River to swell and breach an Imperial Valley dike. It took nearly two years to control the Colorado River’s flow into the formerly dry Salton Sink and stop the flooding. As the basin filled, the town of Salton, a Southern Pacific Railroad siding and Torres-Martinez Indian land were submerged. The sudden influx of water and the lack of any drainage from the basin resulted in the formation of the Salton Sea. (Source Wikipedia)
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